What do proprietary specifications utilize?

Proprietary specifications are designed to specify products from particular manufacturers, clearly identifying their trade names and model numbers. This is significant because it allows architects and engineers to ensure a certain level of quality and performance from the products used in a construction project. By referring to specific manufacturers, the specifications provide certainty regarding the materials and equipment being utilized, which can help mitigate errors and issues associated with product variability.

In contrast, options that reference general industry standards or custom product designs do not align with the nature of proprietary specifications, which are fundamentally based on specifying particular brands or products rather than general guidelines or unique, tailor-made solutions. Moreover, mentioning cost-effective alternatives does not fit the premise of proprietary specifications, as they prioritize specific manufacturer products rather than cost considerations or alternatives.